ascent through inaccessible mountains

hindu

• The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 1 SECTION CCXXVI / SECTION CCXXVII / SECTION CCXXVIII / SECTION CCXXIX; lines 21385-21408 confidence: high

  Sakra, wishing to strike down Arjuna, tears up a large peak from Mandara with tall trees on it and hurls it against him.

  Indra hurls a peak of Mandara, and Arjuna divides it into a thousand pieces with fire-mouthed arrows.

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• The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 1 THE MAHABHARATA / ADI PARVA / SECTION I / SECTION II; lines 1239-1259 confidence: high

  Vasudeva delivers princes confined in the mountain-pass; the Pandavas conduct universal conquest; princes arrive at the Rajasuya sacrifice with tribute.

  Vasudeva delivers princes confined in a mountain-pass.

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• The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 3: Books 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 SECTION CCCXL / SECTION CCCXLI / SECTION CCCXLII / SECTION CCCXLIII; lines 62443-62526 confidence: medium

  Uma, daughter of Himavat, is desired by Rudra and promised to Mahadeva; Bhrigu asks Himavat to give Uma to him, but Himavat replies that Rudra is already selected.

  After Himavat refuses Bhrigu's request for Uma because she is promised to Rudra, Bhrigu curses the Himavat mountains to lack jewels and gems.

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• The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 3: Books 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 SECTION CCLV / SECTION CCLVI / SECTION CCLVII / SECTION CCLVIII; lines 50142-50225 confidence: medium

  Death proceeds to Kausiki, the Ganges, Meru, and Himavat, standing motionless or on her toes for immense periods to gratify the Grandsire.

  Death travels to rivers and mountains, including the Ganges, Meru, and Himavat, and performs austerities there.

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• The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 3: Books 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 SECTION CCLX / SECTION CCLXI / SECTION CCLXII / SECTION CCLXIII; lines 50794-50866 confidence: medium

  Tuladhara says the rice-ball is a worthy offering excluding animals, all rivers are as sacred as Saraswati, all mountains are sacred, the Soul is itself a Tirtha, and one need not wander to sacred places.

  Tuladhara states that all rivers are as sacred as the Saraswati, all mountains are sacred, and the Soul itself is a Tirtha, while instructing Jajali not to wander for sacred places.

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• The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 3: Books 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 3: Books 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 / BOOK 8; lines 2548-2637 confidence: medium

  Shikhandi cuts off Kritavarma's bow and wounds him; Kritavarma vomits blood and is compared to a red-streaked mountain after rain. Kritavarma then strikes Shikhandi, who is compared to a lordly tree with branches.

  Kritavarma's bloody appearance is compared to a red-streaked mountain and to water from a jar; Shikhandi pierced with shafts is compared to a branching tree.

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• The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 4: Books 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 SECTION XIV / SECTION XV / SECTION XVI / SECTION XVII; lines 3867-3950 confidence: medium

  The deity's home is on Kailasa; he is attached to penances, honored by hymns, dances with vast strides, is adored by Apsaras, owns a bull standard, is the mountains of Meru, roves on their summits, and is explainable through preceptor-to-disciple instruction while indescribable in words.

  The deity's home is placed on Kailasa, and the deity is identified with the mountains of Meru and with roaming their summits.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki Canto L. The Enchanted Cave. / Canto LII. The Exit. / Canto LXIV. The Sea. / Canto LXV. The Council.; lines 44721-44745 confidence: medium

  “Then sprang the Wind-God’s son” on Mahendra’s crest, and the mountain “rocked and swayed.”

  Hanumán’s spring onto Mahendra causes the mountain to rock and its forest and animals to be disturbed.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki Canto LX. Kumbhakarna Roused. / Canto LXXIV. The Medicinal Herbs. / Canto LXXV. The Night Attack. / Canto CII. Lakshman Healed.; lines 55124-55282 confidence: medium

  Susheṇ tells Rama that Lakshman is not dead and instructs Hanuman to fetch life-, health-, and strength-giving herbs from Mahodaya peak.

  A healer prescribes herbs from a named peak; Hanuman brings the mountain, and Lakshman rises restored by the herb’s scent.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki Canto LXXXII. The Departure. / Canto LXXXIII. The Journey Begun. / Canto LXXXV. Guha And Bharat. / Canto XC. The Hermitage.; lines 22780-22932 confidence: high

  Bharadvāja answers that Chitrakūṭa stands less than four leagues away; north is the Mandākinī, and between river and hill is Rāma’s leafy cot where the princely pair of brothers live; he tells Bharat to lead the army south.

  The route to Rāma is marked by Chitrakūṭa mountain, the Mandākinī stream, woods, waterfalls, and a leafy cot between river and hill.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki Canto XI. Dundubhi. / Canto XII. The Palm Trees. / Canto XIV. The Challenge. / Canto XXVI. The Coronation.; lines 40988-41155 confidence: medium

  After Sugriva's rite, he reigns again; Rama and Lakshman seek Prasravana hill, where a spacious cave gives them shelter.

  Rama and Lakshman withdraw to a mountain cave as a shelter while waiting through the rainy season before renewed action.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki Canto XLII. The Sally. / Canto XLIII. The Single Combats. / Canto XLIV. The Night. / Canto L. The Broken Spell.; lines 52409-52579 confidence: medium

  Wind, red lightning, shaking mountains, rising waves, and uprooted seaside trees create a violent disturbance.

  A violent disturbance of wind, lightning, waves, mountains, and trees precedes Garuḍ's appearance in fiery light.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki Canto XLII. The Sally. / Canto XLIII. The Single Combats. / Canto XLIV. The Night. / Canto L. The Broken Spell.; lines 52581-52761 confidence: high

  Hanúmán hurls a rock at Dhúmráksha’s car, raises a mountain peak, is struck in the face by the giant’s mace, and kills Dhúmráksha by crushing his head and limbs.

  Hanúmán raises a mountain’s rocky peak and crushes Dhúmráksha after destroying his chariot with a rock.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki Canto XLV. The Departure. / Canto XLVII. The Return. / Canto L. The Enchanted Cave. / Canto LII. The Exit.; lines 44378-44417 confidence: medium

  The speaker scaled a mountain height, looked for the Vánars, watched night and day for a hundred seasons, and waited for a foretold hour and chance.

  The speaker climbs a mountain height, watches night and day for a hundred seasons, and waits for the foretold hour and chance.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki Canto XLVI. The Guest. / Canto LI. The Combat. / Canto LX. Lakshman Reproved. / Canto LXX. Kabandha.; lines 36743-36860 confidence: high

  Ráma urges going to Pampá and Rishyamúka, where Sugríva dwells with four Vánar chiefs while fearing Báli; Ráma says Sugríva is vital to the quest, and Lakshmaṇ agrees to leave.

  Mount Rishyamúka is identified as the dwelling of Sugríva and his Vánar chiefs, whom Ráma seeks as potential support.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki FOOTNOTES / ILIAD. XVII. 426. / GORRESIO. / MACBETH.; lines 65001-65150 confidence: medium

  Parvata means mountain and, in the Vedas, cloud; later mythology treats mountains as replacing clouds as objects attacked by Indra. The feathered king is Garuda.

  The note explains that parvata can mean mountain or cloud and that later mythology treats mountains as objects of Indra’s attacks in place of clouds.

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• The Ramayan of Valmiki H. H. WILSON. / THE SUPPLIANT DOVE. / INDEX OF PRINCIPAL NAMES / FOOTNOTES; lines 63467-63548 confidence: medium

  “The great pilgrimage to the Himálayas, in order to die there.”

  A note defines a great pilgrimage to the Himálayas as being undertaken in order to die there.

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• The Rámáyan of Válmíki, translated into English verse Canto LX. Kumbhakarna Roused. / Canto LXXIV. The Medicinal Herbs. / Canto LXXV. The Night Attack. / Canto CII. Lakshman Healed.; lines 55122-55280 confidence: high

  Hanuman flies through the clouds, reaches the hill, tears up the mountain with shrubs and trees, returns with it, and Sushena crushes fragrant leaves whose scent heals Lakshman so that he rises.

  Unable or unwilling to select the herbs on the hill, Hanuman tears up and carries the whole mountain with its trees and shrubs to the healer.

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• The Rámáyan of Válmíki, translated into English verse Canto XLII. The Sally. / Canto XLIII. The Single Combats. / Canto XLIV. The Night. / Canto L. The Broken Spell.; lines 52579-52759 confidence: high

  The Vánars see the giant foe leave the gate; the two hosts meet, and the Vánars rush forward wielding trees while arrows strike them.

  Vánars wield trees, stones, rocks, and a mountain peak as weapons against armed giants and vehicles.

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islamic

• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) CHAPTER VI. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER VII / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 16130-16184 confidence: medium

  Thamd are reminded that God made them successors to Ad, gave them habitation on earth, and that they build castles on plains and cut mountains into houses.

  Thamd are reminded that they succeeded Ad and cut mountains into houses.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) CHAPTER XXVII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXVIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 28211-28268 confidence: high

  After fulfilling the term, Moses journeys with his family toward Egypt and sees fire on the side of Mount Sinai.

  Moses sees fire by Mount Sinai and hears a divine voice from a tree in a sacred valley.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER LXIX. / ENTITLED, THE INFALLIBLE; REVEALED AT MECCA. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 36754-36875 confidence: high

  One trumpet blast sounds; the earth is moved, the mountains are dashed to pieces, the inevitable judgment hour comes, and the heavens cleave and fall apart.

  The trumpet blast precedes the earth moving, mountains being dashed apart, the heavens splitting, and the throne scene appearing.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXXVIII. / ENTITLED, S.; REVEALED AT MECCA. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 31403-31487 confidence: high

  David is described as God's strong servant; mountains praise with him at evening and sunrise, birds gather and return to him, and God establishes his kingdom and grants wisdom and eloquence.

  Mountains and birds are described as celebrating praise with David and returning frequently for that purpose.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / FINIS / AN INDEX / OF THE; lines 40263-40374 confidence: medium

  "Adam cast down thereon from paradise... the print of Adam's foot shown on a mountain there"

  The passage notes mountains of Saf and Merw as monuments of God, Mount Sinai lifted over the Israelites, and Adam's footprint shown on a mountain at Serendib.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. / PREFACE; lines 12642-12768 confidence: high

  The Ark moves amid waves like mountains; Noah calls his son to embark, but the son seeks a mountain against the water, and a wave separates them so he is drowned.

  Noah’s son says he will take refuge on a mountain from the water, but Noah says no one is secure from God’s decree except by mercy, and the son is drowned.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. / PREFACE; lines 18598-18731 confidence: medium

  "If there were a Koran by which the mountains could be set in motion, or the earth cleft, or the dead be made to speak"; the passage adds that all sovereignty is in God's hands.

  The passage imagines a Koran by which mountains could be moved, earth cleft, or the dead made to speak, while attributing sovereignty to God.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. / PREFACE; lines 18865-18984 confidence: high

  A covenant is recalled in which a mountain is lifted over the people and they are told to hold fast to revelation; Sabbath transgressors are changed into scouted apes as a warning.

  The mountain is lifted over the people during a covenantal command to take hold of revelation.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. / PREFACE; lines 7050-7238 confidence: high

  El Aika’s inhabitants are called sinners and made an example; Hedjr rejects God’s messengers and signs, makes secure mountain abodes, and is surprised by an early-morning tempest.

  The people of Hedjr hew abodes in mountains for security, but a tempest surprises them and their labours avail nothing.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. / PREFACE; lines 7693-7858 confidence: medium

  David is remembered as a strong, penitent servant; mountains join him in praise at evening and sunrise, and birds flock and return to him.

  Mountains and birds are described as joining or flocking to David in lauds at set times.

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• The Koran (Al-Qur'an) SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 3853-3902 confidence: medium

  Oriental traditions say genii inhabited the world before Adam, fell into corruption, were driven by Eblis into a remote confined region, and were later forced by Tahmrath into the mountains of Kf.

  The genii are said to predate Adam, fall into corruption, be driven away, and retreat into the mountains of Kf after conflict with Tahmrath.

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norse

• Myths of the Norsemen: From the Eddas and Sagas CHAPTER VI: BRAGI / CHAPTER VII: IDUN / CHAPTER IX: FREY / CHAPTER X: FREYA; lines 5126-5265 confidence: medium

  People customarily drink Freya's health with other gods; after Christianity, the toast is transferred to the Virgin or St. Gertrude, and Freya is declared a demon or witch and associated with mountain peaks and the Brocken on Valpurgisnacht.

  After Christianity is introduced, Freya is declared a demon or witch and banished to mountain peaks, with the Brocken named as her special abode.

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• Myths of the Norsemen: From the Eddas and Sagas INTRODUCTION / CHAPTER I: THE BEGINNING / CHAPTER II: ODIN / CHAPTER III: FRIGGA; lines 2123-2236 confidence: low

  A peasant leaves his family in the valley, pastures sheep on a mountain, hunts a chamois with a cross-bow, pursues it to the snowy mountain top, and finds a doorway in a neighbouring glacier after the animal disappears behind a boulder.

  The peasant pursues a chamois up the mountain and discovers a doorway in a glacier after the animal disappears behind a boulder.

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• Myths of the Norsemen: From the Eddas and Sagas INTRODUCTION / CHAPTER I: THE BEGINNING / CHAPTER II: ODIN / CHAPTER III: FRIGGA; lines 2362-2458 confidence: medium

  In Scandinavia the goddess is called Huldra and has attendant wood-nymphs who dance with mortals, show cow tails beneath white garments, protect mountain cattle, and sing melodies.

  Huldra folk are described as protecting cattle on mountain-sides and singing while they work.

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• Myths of the Norsemen: From the Eddas and Sagas LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS / INTRODUCTION / CHAPTER I: THE BEGINNING / CHAPTER II: ODIN; lines 1298-1437 confidence: high

  The piper leads the children to the Koppelberg, which opens to receive them and closes after the last child; the children are never seen in Hamelin again.

  The Koppelberg opens to receive the children and then closes after them; the passage calls the hollow mountain typical of the grave.

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• The Poetic Edda FAFNISMOL / THE BALLAD OF FAFNIR / INTRODUCTORY NOTE / NOTES; lines 15126-15171 confidence: medium

  In the Volsungasaga the passage is condensed into one bird’s advice: Sigurth should ride to Hindarfjoll, where Brynhild sleeps, and there he would get much wisdom; the Guthrun-bird does not appear.

  Brynhild is described as sleeping at Hindarfjoll and is elsewhere in the same note identified as a Valkyrie battle-maid.

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• The Poetic Edda VOLUSPO / THE WISE-WOMANS PROPHECY / INTRODUCTORY NOTE / NOTES; lines 1115-1217 confidence: low

  Dvalin gave magic runes to the dwarfs, likely explaining their craft skill; he is father of some lesser Norns; some dwarfs left rocks and mountains for sands, a story mentioned but unexplained in Snorri’s Edda.

  Some dwarfs are said to have left rocks and mountains to find a new home on sands.

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• The Story of the Volsungs (Volsunga Saga); with Excerpts from the Poetic Edda CHAPTER VIII. The Death of King Siggeir and of Signy. / CHAPTER XV. Of the Welding together of the Shards of the Sword Gram. / CHAPTER XVI. The prophecy of Grifir. / CHAPTER XVIII. Of the Slaying of the Worm Fafnir.; lines 2555-2710 confidence: high

  The birds advise Sigurd to kill Regin, take Fafnir's treasure, ride to Fafnir's lair, and then go over Hindfell where Brynhild sleeps and where wisdom awaits.

  The bird song describes a high hall on Hindfell, red flame around it, and a shield-maiden sleeping there under a sleep-thorn set by Odin; earlier bird counsel says Sigurd would gain great wisdom there.

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• The Younger Edda; Also called Snorre's Edda, or The Prose Edda AFTERWORD / EXTRACTS FROM / THE POETICAL DICTION. / THOR AND HRUNGNER.; lines 3668-3752 confidence: high

  Hrungner throws the flint-stone at the hammer; they meet in the air, the flint-stone breaks, one part falls to earth and becomes the source of flint-mountains, and another strikes Thor's head so that he falls.

  Hrungner's flint-stone breaks against Mjolner; one part becomes the source of flint-mountains and another lodges in Thor's head.

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roman

• Aeneidos LIBER XI / PUBLI VERGILI MARONIS / AENEIDOS / LIBER XII; lines 9833-9950 confidence: high

  "Hic Venus, indigno nati concussa dolore, / dictamnum genetrix Cretaea carpit ab Ida"

  The herb from Cretan Ida is placed in water with ambrosial and panacean substances, after which the arrow falls out and Aeneas' pain, bleeding, and weakness end.

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• Fasti LIBER III. / NOTES: / LIBER IV. / NOTES:; lines 8089-8209 confidence: medium

  Cybele and Celaenae are identified as mountains in Phrygia; the Maeander is said to rise on Celaenae's summit and the Marsyas nearby.

  The passage identifies Cybele and Celaenae as Phrygian mountains and discusses rivers associated with that geography.

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• Fasti LIBER V. / NOTES: / LIBER VI. / NOTES:; lines 11684-11814 confidence: medium

  Hesiod is named as the oldest agricultural poet, from Ascra near Mount Helicon; the cited verse says the Muses taught him song while he shepherded under Helicon.

  Hesiod is placed near Mount Helicon and is said in the cited verse to have been taught song by the Muses while shepherding.

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• The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII BOOK I. / BOOK II. / BOOK III. / BOOK IV.; lines 313-336 confidence: high

  "Perseus turns Atlas into a mountain, and having liberated Andromeda, he changes sea-weed into coral, and afterwards marries her"

  Perseus turns Atlas into a mountain.

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• The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION.; lines 12340-12383 confidence: medium

  Oedipus, son of Laius, solved the Sphinx's riddle; the Sphinx, child of Typhon and Echidna, haunted a mountain near Thebes, then threw itself from a rock, and had a woman's face, bird wings, and lion extremities.

  The Sphinx is a composite-bodied monster haunting a mountain near Thebes.

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• The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION.; lines 7395-7479 confidence: medium

  Introductory explanation: Perseus changes Atlas into a mountain, finds Andromeda exposed to a monster, kills it, hides the Gorgon’s head beneath seaweed and plants that become coral, thanks the gods, marries Andromeda, and tells of Medusa’s death and serpent hair.

  The explanation states that Atlas is changed into a mountain after Perseus’s victory over him.

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• The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books VIII-XV BOOK THE NINTH. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION.; lines 2843-2927 confidence: medium

  After passing toward Africa, Hercules fights Antæus, said to be a son of the Earth who regains strength whenever thrown down; Hercules holds him in his arms until squeezing him to death, with a rationalizing explanation that Antæus was deprived of local aid.

  Antæus is described as a giant and son of the Earth who regains strength from the ground, requiring Hercules to hold him up while killing him.

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• The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books VIII-XV BOOK THE THIRTEENTH. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION.; lines 9935-10029 confidence: medium

  Polyphemus says he fears Galatea more than lightning, asks why she loves Acis, threatens to tear Acis apart and scatter his limbs through fields and waves, and compares his slighted passion to Aetna's flames in his breast.

  Polyphemus describes rejected passion as Aetna carried within his breast with its flames.

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greek

• Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and Homerica THE GREAT WORKS / THE IDAEAN DACTYLS / THE THEOGONY / THE CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE1701; lines 3421-3527 confidence: medium

  Tyro bears Neleus and Pelias by Poseidon, has other sons by Cretheus, and Jason is born from Aeson and Polymede and brought up by Chiron in Pelion.

  Jason is born from Aeson and Polymede and brought up by Chiron in woody Pelion.

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• Pausanias's Description of Greece, Volume I, Translated with a Commentary by J. G. Frazer VOL, I. E / VOL. 1. F / VOL. I. G / VOL. I. H; lines 2453-2571 confidence: high

  Pausanias says he saw Niobe at Mount Sipylus: close up it is a beetling crag without resemblance to a woman, but farther away it appears as a woman in tears with head bowed.

  Niobe on Mount Sipylus is described as a crag that resembles a weeping woman only from a distance.

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• The Iliad ARGUMENT. / THE BATTLE AT THE GRECIAN WALL. / BOOK XIII. / ARGUMENT.; lines 12542-12674 confidence: high

  Hector leads the Trojan charge and is compared to a rock fragment rolling from a mountain under torrent force until it stops unmoved.

  Hector's assault is compared to a rock torn from a mountain crag and hurled downward until it stops immovable.

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• The Iliad BOOK XIII. / ARGUMENT. / BOOK XIV. / JUNO DECEIVES JUPITER BY THE GIRDLE OF VENUS.; lines 13984-14087 confidence: medium

  Juno blushes and objects that Ida is exposed to mortal and immortal sight; she proposes retiring to a love-bower made by Vulcan.

  A divine pair unite on Ida, are concealed by golden clouds, and the earth responds with spontaneous vegetation.

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• The Iliad JUNO DECEIVES JUPITER BY THE GIRDLE OF VENUS. / BOOK XV. / ARGUMENT. / THE FIFTH BATTLE AT THE SHIPS; AND THE ACTS OF AJAX.; lines 14562-14665 confidence: medium

  Jove commands his son to alarm the Greeks, shake his aegis, care for Hector, increase Hector's strength, and let Ilion conquer until the Achaeans flee to the ships and Hellespont.

  Apollo descends from the Idaean mountain to the plain to carry out Jove's command and aid Hector.

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• The Odyssey BOOK XXII / BOOK XXIII / BOOK XXIV / FOOTNOTES:; lines 11059-11172 confidence: medium

  The annotator says a visit to the top of Mt. Eryx may clarify the emendation and argues that Marettimo and the Aegadean islands correspond to Odyssey island geography when viewed from there.

  Mt. Eryx is used as a vantage point to interpret the relative positions and appearances of islands associated by the annotator with Odyssey geography.

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native american northwest coast

• Haida Texts and Myths: Skidegate Dialect WAR BETWEEN THE PEBBLE-TOWN PEOPLE AND THE SLAVES / WAR BETWEEN THE PEOPLE OF KLOO AND THE PEOPLE OF NINSTINTS / WARS BETWEEN THE PEOPLE OF NINSTINTS AND THE PEOPLE OF SKIDEGATE / WARS BETWEEN THE PEOPLES OF SKIDEGATE AND KLOO; lines 18532-18636 confidence: medium

  When women escape to land, Flood-tide-woman flees up among the mountains; she is within a month of giving birth.

  Flood-tide-woman, close to giving birth, flees among the mountains and later returns cautiously at night.

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• Tlingit Myths and Texts FOOTNOTES: / ABSTRACTS OF MYTHS / MYTHS RECORDED IN ENGLISH AT SITKA / FOOTNOTES:; lines 24662-24784 confidence: medium

  In 'The Finding of the Blue Paint,' four brothers shelter near Mount Edgecumbe, discover blue paint substance, and keep it through a stormy return; in a following creek-name episode, a child rolls a baby into fire after misunderstanding an instruction, and the stream is named Creek-where-a-person-was-burned.

  Four brothers discover a blue paint substance near Mount Edgecumbe and reach home safely after keeping it through stormy weather.

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• Tlingit Myths and Texts INTRODUCTION / MYTHS RECORDED IN ENGLISH AT SITKA / SUPPLEMENTARY TO STORY 1 / FOOTNOTES:; lines 1436-1530 confidence: medium

  The sister is ashamed and goes down into Mount Edgecumbe through the crater.

  The sister is ashamed and goes down into Mount Edgecumbe through the crater.

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• Tsimshian Mythology Tsimshian Mythology / TSIMSHIAN MYTHS / BOAS J; lines 9753-9854 confidence: medium

  The prince notices a large lake, travels on its ice in winter, climbs a mountain, sees smoke in a valley on the other side, returns late, and tells his crying wife what he saw.

  The prince sees smoke beyond a mountain after crossing a frozen lake, and the family later crosses the lake and mountain toward a house and settlement.

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• Tsimshian Texts Tsimshian Texts; lines 2959-3050 confidence: medium

  Grindstone becomes a mountain; Rotten-feathers cuts through mountains with a feather, reaches Great-goose for advice, marries a chieftainess's daughter, and survives her attempt to kill him by switching headdresses.

  Rotten-feathers cuts passage through mountains and later through Sleep's mountain obstacle with a feather.

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islamicate folklore

• The Arabian Nights Entertainments The Arabian Nights Entertainments; lines 2515-2626 confidence: high

  The genius seizes the narrator, the palace roof opens, they rise until the earth looks like a little cloud, and then descend swiftly to a mountain top.

  The genius carries the narrator through an opened roof into the air and descends with him to a mountain top.

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• The Arabian Nights Entertainments The Arabian Nights Entertainments; lines 4276-4375 confidence: medium

  Stormy weather drives the ship off course; the captain realizes they are in a dangerous spot, a current sweeps them toward a mountain, and the ship is dashed on rocks after the people scramble ashore with valuables.

  Storms drive the ship off course; a current sweeps it toward a mountain rising from the sea where the vessel is wrecked.

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• The Arabian Nights Entertainments The Arabian Nights Entertainments; lines 4377-4474 confidence: high

  The mountain bounds the island on the seaward side; the rocky shore is strewn with shipwrecks, mariners' bones, merchandise, and treasure.

  An unscalable mountain and doomed shore block ordinary escape, while the fresh-water river through a cave provides the only route out.

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ainu

• Aino Folk-Tales AINO FOLK-LORE. / I.--TALES ACCOUNTING FOR THE ORIGIN OF PHENOMENA. / II.--MORAL TALES. / IV.--MISCELLANEOUS TALES.; lines 1719-1809 confidence: high

  A skilled young hunter pursues a large bear through dangerous mountain heights until it disappears into a hole on a bleak mountain summit.

  The hunter follows a bear through a mountain hole and cavern into an underground world called Hades.

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• Aino Folk-Tales AINO FOLK-LORE. / I.--TALES ACCOUNTING FOR THE ORIGIN OF PHENOMENA. / II.--MORAL TALES. / IV.--MISCELLANEOUS TALES.; lines 2102-2199 confidence: medium

  Okikurumi returns from hunting, pursues them alone by boat, and cannot catch two rowers.

  During the sea pursuit, Tureshihi's excrement becomes a large mountain in the sea that Okikurumi cannot cross or go around.

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buddhist

• Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1 TABLE VIII. / THE DISTANT EPOCH. / GLORY BE TO THE BLESSED, THE HOLY, THE ALL-WISE ONE. / BOOK I.; lines 7473-7594 confidence: medium

  “They go to many a refuge-- / To the mountains and the forest....” and the supplied continuation ends, “They are freed from every pain.”

  A cited verse says people go to many refuges, including mountains and forest, and then refers to a refuge by which they are freed from every pain.

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• The Jataka; or, Stories of the Buddha's Former Births, Vol. III THE EDITIO PRINGEPS OF THE PALI JATAKA / THIS THIRD VOLUME IS GRATEFULLY DEDICATED / BY THE TRANSLATORS. / CONTENTS.; lines 708-961 confidence: medium

  A king renounces his kingdom on a paccekabuddha friend's advice; royal birds avoid a golden mountain that makes all birds appear alike; a king seeks the name of his future queen for three years; a disobedient vulture perishes.

  Royal birds avoid a golden mountain that makes all birds appear alike.

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buryat mongol

• A Journey in Southern Siberia, the Mongols, Their Religion and Their Myths ASHIR BOGDO / CHAPTER XII / SHARAU / HUNKUVAI AND THE HORSE WITH ROUND; lines 10106-10235 confidence: medium

  The brothers climb Tomtoy mountain, hear cattle roaring and men crying, and from the top see a long narrow valley with rows of pots holding ten bullocks each and huge spits holding ten impaled men each.

  From the top of Tomtoy mountain the brothers hear cattle roaring and men crying, then see a valley of pots with bullocks and spits with impaled men.

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• A Journey in Southern Siberia, the Mongols, Their Religion and Their Myths THE GODS OF THE BURIATS 125 / CHAPTER XI / MYTHS CONNECTED WITH MONGOL RELIGION / THE IRON HERO; lines 8213-8345 confidence: high

  The Iron Hero waits at Red Mountain where the Water of Life and Youth is found; the bride knows an easy road down, and all drink the water before descending.

  The company drinks the Water of Life and Youth located on Red Mountain.

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daoist

• Chuang Tzu: Mystic, Moralist, and Social Reformer CHAPTER XXVII. / LANGUAGE. / CHAPTER XXVIII. / ON DECLINING POWER.; lines 12569-12649 confidence: medium

  The speakers say the empire is in darkness, Chou virtue has faded, and union under Chou would disgrace them; they flee north to Mount Shou-yang and later starve themselves to death.

  Po I and Shu Ch'i flee north to Mount Shou-yang to keep their actions pure and later starve there.

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• Chuang Tzu: Mystic, Moralist, and Social Reformer THE SECRET OF LIFE. / CHAPTER XX. / MOUNTAIN TREES. / CHAPTER XXI.; lines 9030-9184 confidence: high

  Lieh Yü K'ou instructs Po Hun Wu Jên in archery, drawing a full bow with a cup of water on his elbow and shooting arrows while standing like a statue.

  Wu Jên moves the archery test from ordinary conditions to a high mountain precipice, where Lieh Tzŭ's terror reveals a defect in his internal state.

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finnish karelian

• Kalevala: The Epic Poem of Finland JOHN MARTIN CRAWFORD. / THE KALEVALA. / PROEM / BOOK II; lines 24319-24519 confidence: high

  The sons of Pohya state that the Sun and Moon are hidden in the many-colored rock, copper-bearing mountain, iron-banded cavern, and stone-berg of Pohyola, and will not gain freedom or shine in Northland.

  The Sun and Moon are said to be hidden in a copper-bearing mountain, iron-banded cavern, and stone-berg behind bolted portals.

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• Kalevala: The Epic Poem of Finland PREFACE / JOHN MARTIN CRAWFORD. / THE KALEVALA. / PROEM; lines 5598-5794 confidence: medium

  Louhi takes the Sampo to Sariola's hills and copper-bearing mountains, places nine locks on it, and makes three roots grow beneath a mountain, the sandy sea-bed, and a mountain-dwelling.

  Louhi stores the Sampo in hills and copper-bearing mountains, locks it, and roots it beneath mountain, sea-bed, and dwelling.

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greek roman

• Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome GREEK FESTIVALS. / ELEUSINIAN MYSTERIES. / THESMOPHORIA. / DIONYSIA.; lines 6394-6446 confidence: high

  Some Dionysian festivals included mystic observances into which only women called Menades or Bacchantes were initiated.

  Women called Menades or Bacchantes are initiated into mystic observances and gather by night on mountain sides with torches and thyrsi in religious frenzy.

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• Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome VESTALIA. / PART II.--LEGENDS. / CADMUS. / PERSEUS.; lines 6633-6734 confidence: high

  Atlas refuses Perseus hospitality because of fear for his golden-fruited orchard and its dragon; Perseus shows Medusa's head and transforms Atlas into a mountain.

  Atlas is transformed into a stony mountain, with hair as forests and limbs as rocks.

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jewish pseudepigrapha

• The Book of Enoch WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY THE / REV. W. O. E. OESTERLEY, D.D. / INTRODUCTION / CHAPTERS; lines 539-620 confidence: medium

  Angels show Enoch seven magnificent mountains, one bearing the throne of God; he also sees the Tree of Life for the holy and righteous after Judgement, then Jerusalem as the blessed place at the earth’s center and an accursed valley.

  The angels show Enoch seven magnificent mountains, and one mountain contains the throne of God.

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• The Book of Jubilees, or, The Little Genesis INTRODUCTION XXV / INTRODUCTION XXXV / INTRODUCTION 11 / INTRODUCTION; lines 2654-2793 confidence: medium

  The 4 Ezra xiv.4-6 citation says God sent Moses, brought the people from Egypt to Mount Sinai, kept Moses many days, revealed marvels and temporal secrets, and commanded some words to be made public and some hidden; the passage says this refers to Jubilees handed down in Levi’s tribe.

  The 4 Ezra citation describes Moses at Mount Sinai receiving marvels, secrets of times, the end of times, and commands about which words to reveal and which to hide.

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slavic

• The Epic Songs of Russia DOBRYNYA AND ALYOSHA. / ILYA OF MUROM AND TZAR KALIN. / THE CYCLE OF NOVGOROD. / VASILY BUSLAEVICH, THE BRAVE OF NOVGOROD.; lines 10062-10228 confidence: high

  Vasily sees a lofty mountain, comes to the steep shores, and ascends Sorochinsky hill with his brave troop.

  At mid-ascent on Sorochinsky mountain, a skull addresses Vasily and says that where the skull lies, Vasily’s head will likewise lie.

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• The Epic Songs of Russia DOBRYNYA AND ALYOSHA. / ILYA OF MUROM AND TZAR KALIN. / THE CYCLE OF NOVGOROD. / VASILY BUSLAEVICH, THE BRAVE OF NOVGOROD.; lines 10062-10228 confidence: high

  On the peak stands a large stone bearing an inscription warning that anyone who leaps along it will break his head.

  A stone on the mountain peak bears an inscription warning that leaping along it will break the leaper’s head; Vasily disbelieves it and begins leaping.

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sufi

• Masnavi i Ma'navi: Teachings of Rumi THE GLUTTONOUS SUFL / THE TREE OF LIFE. / THE YOUNG DUCKS. / MOSES AND PHARAOH.; lines 8373-8598 confidence: high

  Canaan says he will go to a high mountain for safety; Noah replies that mountains are now as grass and that only the Friend can save.

  Canaan expects a high mountain to save him during the flood, but Noah says mountains are now as grass and only the Friend can save.

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• The Confessions of Al Ghazzali THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF SEEKERS AFTER TRUTH / THE AIM OF SCHOLASTIC THEOLOGY AND ITS RESULTS / DIVISIONS OF THE PHILOSOPHIC SCIENCES / SUFISM; lines 1006-1095 confidence: medium

  The passage says saintly miracles are early prophetic manifestations and cites Muhammad’s retirement to Mount Hira for intense prayer and meditation before receiving his commission, while Arabs said he had become enamoured of God.

  Muhammad is described as retiring to Mount Hira for intense prayer and meditation before receiving his commission.

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arctic inuit

• The People of the Polar North: A Record ESKIMO SLEDGE (CAPE YORK) / A NANSEN SLEDGE WITHOUT UPRIGHTS / THE OLD BEAR-HUNTER / ESKIMOS SINGING SPIRIT-SONGS, TO THE ACCOMPANIMENT OF DRUMS; lines 1878-1925 confidence: medium

  The tents lie beneath a steep mountain ridge named “The Curved Knife,” known for sudden squalls when storms are near.

  The camp lies beneath a named mountain ridge whose shape gives it the name “The Curved Knife” and which is notorious for sudden squalls.

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basque

• Basque Legends VARIATIONS OF ERRUA. / THE THREE BROTHERS, THE CRUEL MASTER, AND THE TARTARO. / THE TARTARO AND PETIT PERROQUET. / II--THE HEREN-SUGE.--THE SEVEN-HEADED SERPENT.; lines 1205-1272 confidence: high

  The serpent wakes, inhales the fiery mass, convulses violently, drinks streams from Gavarnie to Pierrefitte, dies, and water from its mouth forms Lac d'Isabit.

  After the serpent dies, water it had swallowed pours from its mouth and forms Lac d'Isabit; its convulsions also alter rocks, mountains, and glaciers.

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caucasian

• Caucasian Folk-Tales A TATAR VARIANT 243 / A TATAR VARIANT 245 / A TATAR VARIANT 247 / GEORGIAN VARIANT 249; lines 10618-10693 confidence: low

  The Suanetian variant begins with the smith Daredjiani at the foot of Mount Elbruz hearing despairing cries from high on the mountain at twilight.

  In the Suanetian variant opening, the smith Daredjiani hears despairing cries from high on Mount Elbruz at twilight.

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estonian

• The Hero of Esthonia and Other Studies in the Romantic Literature of That Country THE MAN IN THE MOON. / THE MAIDEN AT THE VASKJALA BRIDGE. / RED RIDING-HOOD. / SNOWWHITE, THE GLASS MOUNTAIN, AND THE DESPISED YOUNGEST SON.; lines 9939-10020 confidence: medium

  A princess falls into deep sleep, is placed by a magician in a glass coffin on a glass mountain, and will awaken after seven years and seven days when a successful suitor rides up and receives her ring.

  The princess lies in deep sleep in a glass coffin on a glass mountain and awakens when the successful suitor reaches the summit.

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finnic

• The Pre- and Proto-historic Finns, Volume 1 NOTICES OF CLASSICAL AUTHORS 139 / NOTICES OF CLASSICAL AUTHORS 141 / NOTICES OF CLASSICAL AUTHORS 143 / NOTICES OF CLASSICAL AUTHORS 145; lines 6090-6202 confidence: medium

  Ostiak clans are exogamous groups with common ancestry and common cult images; families and individuals also keep small wooden images, stones, or other natural objects as tutelary gods.

  Lapp Seita or Storjunkare may stand in high prominent places, mountain tops, caves, or near rivers and lakes; Ostiak clan images may be kept on a remote hill in the forest.

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germanic

• Household Tales by Brothers Grimm SECOND STORY / FIRST STORY / SECOND STORY / THIRD STORY; lines 23566-23645 confidence: high

  She says he can help only by ascending the glass-mountain and freeing her from the witch; the road goes through the great forest where man-eaters live.

  The required help depends on ascending the glass-mountain; the drummer reaches it but cannot climb its smooth surface.

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hawaiian

• Hawaiian Folk Tales: A Collection of Native Legends T. G. T. / CONTENTS / ILLUSTRATIONS / LEGENDS RESEMBLING OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY; lines 435-512 confidence: high

  When the flood subsided, Kane, Ku, and Lono entered Nuu's vessel and told him to go out; he found himself on Mauna Kea and named a cave there after his wife Lilinoe. Other versions say he landed and dwelt in Kahiki-honua-kele.

  After the flood subsides, Nuu leaves the vessel on Mauna Kea and names a cave after Lilinoe.

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melanesian

• The Melanesians of British New Guinea NOTE ON POKAO. / CHAPTER XXXIII / I. THE BIRTH OF THE SUN. / II. TUISUHEAIA THE RED EEL.; lines 23853-23988 confidence: high

  The snake turns single leaves of orabu, sugar-cane, and taro into abundant food; the parents find the gardens undiminished, and the passage says this is why mountain people have plentiful but enchanted food.

  The passage explicitly explains that this is why mountain people have plenty of food, though it is enchanted and not nice.

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mesopotamian

• Assyrian and Babylonian Literature: Selected Translations INSCRIPTION OF AGUMKAKRIME 5 / INSCRIPTION OF RAMMAN-NIRARI I 7 / INSCRIPTION OF TIGLATH-PILESER I 13 / INSCRIPTION OF TIGLATH-PILESER I 15; lines 4839-4930 confidence: medium

  Ashur is said to empower the narrator's weapons; the narrator marches with chariots and veterans against Mildish, crosses difficult mountains and Mount Aruma, advances on foot, defeats soldiers, takes booty, burns cities, and imposes hostages, taxes, and tribute.

  The campaigns repeatedly involve difficult mountains, opening mountain paths, pursuit to inaccessible peaks, and a command to ascend mountains no king had previously ascended.

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nahua maya inca

• The Myths of Mexico & Peru CHAPTER II: MEXICAN MYTHOLOGY / CHAPTER III: MYTHS AND LEGENDS OF THE ANCIENT MEXICANS / CHAPTER IV: THE MAYA RACE AND MYTHOLOGY / CHAPTER V: MYTHS OF THE MAYA; lines 7246-7351 confidence: medium

  At Tulan-Zuiva, speech is confounded, alienating Kiche branches and recalling Babel; the first four men leave under Tohil's leadership, cross mountains and a miraculously divided ocean bed, and arrive at Mount Hacavitz to see the sun.

  The people settle at Mount Hacavitz because they are foretold to see the sun there, and the first town follows the sunrise.

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native american northeast woodlands

• Seneca Fiction, Legends, and Myths HUWITT. / CUBTIN / S3 MYTHS 467 / CUBTIN; lines 20940-21040 confidence: high

  In a second dream, the Dream Spirit tells the man to save himself by taking bow and arrows to a cavern in a hollow rock on the high hill, watching through a subterranean passage, and shooting at the monster Dagwanoenyent, which will destroy the village.

  The Dream Spirit directs the man to a cavern in a hollow rock on a high hill east of the village as a place from which he can survive the monster's attack.

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native american plains

• The Pawnee - Mythology (Part I) THE CANNIBAL WITCH AND THE BOY WHO CONQUERED THE BUFFALO. 73 / THE CANNIBAL WITCH AND THE BOY WHO CONQUERED THE BUFFALO. 75 / THE CANNIBAL WITCH AND THE BOY WHO CONQUERED THE BUFFALO. 79 / THE WARRIOR AND THE BLACK LIGHTNING ARROW. 83; lines 4132-4203 confidence: medium

  The leader says he will go up on a high hill to pray to the gods for power and help in finding enemy villages, while the other young men stay in the valley.

  The leader climbs a high hill and prays there until the storm encounter and divine gift occur.

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native american southeast

• Myths of the Cherokee THE EASTERN BAND / III--NOTES TO THE HISTORICAL SKETCH / SYNONYMS / IV--STORIES AND STORY TELLERS; lines 11056-11137 confidence: high

  Prominent rocks, mountains, and deep river bends in the old Cherokee country have accompanying legends; important myths are localized and thereby gain more definite character.

  Prominent rocks, mountains, and river bends are described as having legends attached to them, and important myths are described as localized.

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shinto

• Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697, Volume 1 IT. 44. / II. 48. / IT. 40. / II. 50.; lines 6595-6669 confidence: medium

  The speaker says he heard from the Ancient of the Sea of an eastern land encircled by blue mountains, where one flew down in a Heavenly Rock-boat; he identifies this figure as Nigihaya-hi and proposes the land as world-center and capital.

  The eastern land is described as encircled by blue mountains and as the centre of the world.

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taoist

• Chuang Tzŭ: Mystic, Moralist, and Social Reformer HERBERT A. GILES. / A. L. M. / CHAPTER I. / B.C. 1766.; lines 1290-1304 confidence: medium

  A bird called the Rukh is described as having a back like Mount T'ai; the note identifies Mount T'ai as China's most famous mountain in Shantung.

  The Rukh's back is compared to Mount T'ai, and its wings are compared to clouds across the sky.

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yoruba

• The Yoruba-Speaking Peoples of the Slave Coast of West Africa: Their Religion, Manners, Customs, Laws, Language, Etc. I I I / II II II II / II II I I / I I I; lines 2476-2595 confidence: medium

  Elegba's principal residence is said to be on Mount Igbeti near the Niger, with a vast brass palace and many attendants.

  Elegba's principal residence is said to be on Mount Igbeti, where he has a brass palace and attendants.

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